Bunga Terbesar Di Dunia - Rafflesia arnoldii

Rafflesia arnoldii, tumbuhan langka, parasit, tanpa akar dan tanpa daun

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Terakhir di-update 30 Maret 2018

Species yang terancam punah - Selamatkan Rafflesia !!!

Hutan hujan tropis provinsi Bengkulu merupakan suaka baik bagi bunga terbesar di dunia – Rafflesia arnoldii, maupun bunga tertinggi di dunia, yang secara lokal dikenal sebagai bunga Kibut atau bunga Bangkai (nama ilmiahnya Amorphophallus Titanum). Ada sekitar 28 spesies bunga Rafflesia, dan Rafflesia arnoldii merupakan spesies yang terbesar. Bunga Rafflesia arnoldii dapat mencapai diameter hampir satu meter (3 kaki) dan dengan berat bunga hingga 11 kg (24 pon). Kelopaknya tumbuh hingga sepanjang 50 cm (20 inci) dan tebal 2,5 cm (1 inci). Karena kelangkaannya, Rafflesia arnoldii dianggap terancam punah. 

Rafflesia arnoldii yang secara lokal dikenal dengan sebutan “bunga Rafflesia” merupakan salah satu puspa yang dilindungi oleh hukum di Indonesia. Rafflesia arnoldii tumbuhan yang sangat langka dan unik karena tidak memiliki daun, batang atau akar dan bahkan tumbuhan ini tidak memiliki klorofil. Oleh karena itu tumbuhan ini harus hidup sebagai parasit yang menggunakan jaringan tumbuhan merambat Tetrastigma sebagai inangnya untuk mendapatkan nutrisi dan air. Rafflesia arnoldii bukan tumbuhan karnivora, tumbuhan ini sedikit berbau seperti daging busuk hanya untuk menarik perhatian serangga yang kemudian menyerbuki bunga lainnya. Tunas Rafflesia arnoldii butuh berbulan-bulan untuk tumbuh berkembang dan bunganya dapat tetap mekar hingga 14 hari. Rafflesia arnoldii biasanya dapat ditemukan selama musim hujan antara bulan Juni - Desember. Tumbuhan parasit yang sensitif ini tumbuh hanya sekali setahun di hutan hujan tropis primer yang belum terganggu.

Tunas Rafflesia arnoldii perlu berbulan-bulan untuk berkembang

Informasi Sejarah

Rafflesia arnoldii ditemukan oleh Letnan Inggris bernama Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles yang telah ditunjuk untuk menjabat posisi Gubernur British Bencoolen (saat ini dikenal sebagai Bengkulu) dan ahli botani Inggris Dr. Joseph Arnold ketika mereka tiba di Lubuk Tapi - Bengkulu Selatan pada bulan Mei 1818. Nama kedua orang tersebut - Raffles dan Arnold – kemudian digunakan untuk memberikan nama botani atau ilmiah untuk tumbuhan tersebut. Rafflesia arnoldii sekarang menjadi simbol resmi provinsi Bengkulu.

Lokasi:

Rafflesia arnoldii, bunga terbesar di dunia dapat ditemukan di banyak kawasan dalam hutan Provinsi Bengkulu, biasanya di Kecamatan Taba Penanjung - Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah (45 km atau 28 mil dari kota Bengkulu) dan di Tebat Monok Kabupaten Kepahiang, di lereng Pegunungan Bukit Barisan yang paling mudah dicapai karena dekat dengan jalan lintas di pertengahan antara kota Bengkulu dan kota Curup. Rafflesia arnoldii juga dapat ditemukan di beberapa lokasi lainnya di provinsi Bengkulu yaitu:

• Pagar Gunung – Kabupaten Kepahiang.
• Talang Ulu, pemandian air panas Suban, dan Taba Rena – Kabupaten Rejang Lebong.
• dan desa Lubuk Tapi, Kabupaten Bengkulu Selatan.

Rafflesia arnoldii raksasa yang langka

Informasi Spesies:

Nama lengkap: Rafflesia arnoldii R.Br.

Kerajaan: Plantae

Divisi: Magnoliophyta

Kelas: Magnoliopsida

Ordo: Malpighiales

Famili: Rafflesiaceae

Genus: Rafflesia

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Jika Anda ingin menggunakan foto-foto dari blog ini, silahkan email ke kurt_reyhans@yahoo.com

Lokasi pengambilan foto di Taba Penanjung dan Tebat Monok, Provinsi Bengkulu. 

Foto oleh Peter Kimball, Jeff Clairmont, dan Adriansyah Putera.

Anda mungkin tertarik untuk membaca:

• Titan Arum - Bunga Tertinggi Di Dunia

Ekstra foto Rafflesia arnoldii

Anda butuh keberuntungan untuk melihat Rafflesia yang sangat langka

Bunga terbesar di dunia - Rafflesia arnoldii

Setelah beberapa hari mekar secarah penuh, bunga unik ini mulai membusuk

Tanpa akar dan daun, bagian yang terlihat hanya bunga

Bunga rimba yang eksotis - Rafflesia arnoldii

Kontak: kurt_reyhans@yahoo.com

The Differences Between Rafflesia Arnoldii And Carrion Flower

Rafflesia arnoldii

Last updated: May 8, 2017

Rafflesia arnoldii and Carrion flowers (Amorphophallus titanium) are two different types of plants. Although by the second type of plant is sometimes considered the same even mixed up. I myself had heard of a teacher told the students that the Carrion flower is Rafflesia. 

Indeed Rafflesia and carrion flowers have the same size (giant) and smelled a foul odor. But between Rafflesia and carrion flowers (Amorphophallus titanium) have differences in biological classification, shape, color, way of life, and the life cycle. 

Rafflesia is a genus of parasitic plants flower. The Rafflesia arnoldii was discovered by a British Lieutenant named Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles who had been appointed the Governor of Bencoolen Province (currently known as Bengkulu) and the British botanist Dr. Joseph Arnold when they arrived in Lubuk Tapi – South Bengkulu in May of 1818. The names of the two men - Raffles and Arnold - were used to give the plant its botanical or scientific name. Rafflesia arnoldii is now the official symbol of Bengkulu province. The Rafflesia contains approximately 27 species (including four incompletely as recognized by Meijer 1997), all species can be found in Southeast Asia, in the Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Sumatra, and the Philippines. This plant has no stems, leaves or true roots. 

Rafflesia arnoldii can reach a diameter of about 1 meter

Rafflesia is endoparasites on Tetra stigma vines of the genus (family Vitaceae), spreading haustorium similar roots in the vines network. In some species, such as Rafflesia arnoldii, the flower diameter may be more than 100 cm, and weighing up to 10 kg. Even the smallest species, the Rafflesia manillana, flower diameter is 20 cm. Rafflesia is much known to the public is kind of Rafflesia Arnoldii. Type of forest grows only in southern Sumatra, especially Bengkulu. 

The main characteristic that distinguishes corpse flower Rafflesia with the laity is widened shape (not high) and red. When in bloom, the flowers can reach a diameter of about 1 meter and 50 cm tall. Rafflesia flowers do not have roots, stems, and leaves. The flowers have 5 crowns. At the base there is a barrel-shaped flower stamens or pistils, depending on the sex of flowers. This flower growth period takes up to 9 months, but the flowering period of only 5-7 days. After that Rafflesia will wither and die. Until now Rafflesia has never successfully bred outside their natural habitat. Rafflesia requires primary forest habitat to survive. 

Bit of information, as long as 200-year-old plants of the genus Rafflesiaceae difficult to classify due to the characteristics of the body that are not public. Based on DNA research by botanists at Harvard University recently, Rafflesia put in the family Euphorbiaceae, a family with rubber trees and cassava. But it is still not well publicized. 

The bud of Rafflesia arnoldii

Several species of Rafflesia in Indonesia; Rafflesia arnoldii (endemic in West Sumatra, Bengkulu and Aceh), R. borneensis (Borneo), R. cilliata (East Kalimantan), R. horsfilldii (Java), R. patma (Nusa Kambangan and Pangandaran), R. rochussenii (West Java), and R. contleyi (eastern Sumatra). 

Scientific classification: 

Kingdom: Plantae 

Division: Magnoliophyta 

Class: Magnoliopsida 

Order: Malpighiales 

Family: Rafflesiaceae

Genus: Rafflesia

Carrion Flower

Besides Rafflesia, another giant flower known to the public is Kibut or Titan Arum (Amorphophallus titanium) also known as the Carrion flower. This type of endemic grows in the forests of Sumatra - Indonesia.

Titan Arum is not in bloom

The Carrion flower Titan arum is cream-colored on the outside and on the towering. Overview current form looks like a flower blooming trumpet. When Rafflesia just wide, the Carrion flower grows tall. Corpse flower Amorphophallus titanium species can reach about 3 - 4 m.

In addition, the Carrion flower is monoecious plants and protogini, where the female flowers receptive first, then followed by ripe male flowers, as a mechanism to prevent self-pollination. The stench issued by the flowers, like the Rafflesia, serves to attract beetles and flies pollinators for the flowers. After the flowering period (approximately 7 days) pass, the corpse flower will wither. And going back through the cycle, returning to the vegetative phase, which will grow new trees in the former corpse flower bulbs.

If fertilization occurs during the flowering period, it will form a red colored fruit with seeds on the former base of the flower. These seeds can be planted a tree in the vegetative phase. These seeds are now cultivated. 

Taken from: http://touchthenature.com/the-differences-between-rafflesia-arnoldii-and-carrion-flower/

Titan Arum - the world's tallest flower

Let’s help each other!

Let’s make this post available in various languages! Translating this post can help more readers in your language to understand this post. If you would like to translate this post into your language or if you need help to translate some of your posts into Indonesian, please send me an email to kurt_reyhans@yahoo.com

Photos by: Adriansyah Putera & Peter Kimball

Photographed in Taba Penanjung and Tebat Monok, Bengkulu province - Indonesia. 

Natural Beauty of Bukit Daun

Bukit Daun at sunset

Last updated: January 21st 2017

Seeing Rafflesia arnoldii

       Another area of awesome natural beauty in Bengkulu province, Bukit Daun is a nature conservation surrounded by mountains on all sides and rich with traditional Rejang culture. It is home to endangered species such as, honey bear, Rafflesia arnoldii, the world’s largest flower, and Amorphophallus titanium (locally known as bunga Kibut), the world’s tallest flower. Many kinds of orchid could be found here, too. It is at 800-900 m above sea level, the best way to explore the village is on foot. The air is cool and clean, and the locals are hospitable.

Besides natural beauty, Bukit Daun also offers some great do-it-yourself trekking opportunities where you can explore the fresh and clean outdoors and meet hospitable locals, and stunning sunrises. There is a small Japanese WWII bunker which is constructed of rebar-enforced cement and stone in Bukit Daun. You could also day-trip here for some hiking through forests/coffee plantations and a local lunch. There aren’t any real restaurants in Bukit Daun and most visitors end up having meals and drinks in warung (simple food stall). Basic supplies are available in local shops.

Getting there:

Bukit Daun nature conservation is about 48 km (30 miles) from the city of Bengkulu and can be reached on day trips from Bengkulu, Curup or Kepahiang. Simply take a public transport (Rp. 10,000) to Tebat Monok from Terminal Nakau in Bengkulu or rent a Kijang. 

More photos

The bloom of Rafflesia arnoldii in Bukit Daun nature conservation

Fun hiking through Bukit Daun forest

Japanese WWII bunker

Foggy scenery of Bukit Daun

Photos by Adriansyah Putera and Shirley Utama Adriansyah

The World's Largest Flower - Rafflesia Arnoldii

Rafflesia, a rare, parasitic, rootless and leafless plant  

Last updated March 30th, 2018

Critically endangered species - Save Rafflesia !!!

The tropical rainforests of Bengkulu province are home to both the world's largest flower- the Rafflesia arnoldii, and the world's tallest flower, known locally as Kibut or bunga Bangkai (its scientific name is Amorphophallus Titanum). There are approximately 28 species of Rafflesia flowers with the Rafflesia arnoldii being the largest. Its flower can attain a diameter of nearly a meter (3 ft) and the flower can weigh up to 11 kg (24 lb). Its petals grow to 50 cm long (20 inches) and 2.5 cm thick (1 inch). Due to its rarity, the Rafflesia arnoldii is considered endangered. 

Klik di sini untuk versi bahasa Indonesia 

The Rafflesia arnoldii which is known locally as "bunga Rafflesia" is one of the plants protected by law in Indonesia. It is a very rare and a unique plant producing no leaves, stems or roots and it does not even have chlorophyll. Because of this the plant must live as a parasite using the Tetrastigma vine as its host to obtain its nutrients and water. Rafflesia arnodii is not a carnivorous plant, it smells a little of rotting flesh only to attract insects which then pollinate other flowers. The buds of the Rafflesia arnoldii take many months to develop and the flower stays in bloom up to 14 days. Rafflesia arnoldii typically can be seen during wet season between June - December. This sensitive parasitic plant grows only once a year in primary undisturbed rainforest. 

The bud of Rafflesia takes many months to develop

Historical Information
The Rafflesia arnoldii was discovered by a British Lieutenant named Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles who had been appointed the Governor of British Bencoolen (currently known as Bengkulu) and the British botanist Dr. Joseph Arnold when they arrived in Lubuk Tapi – South Bengkulu in May of 1818. The names of the two men - Raffles and Arnold - were used to give the plant its botanical or scientific name. Rafflesia arnoldii is now the official symbol of Bengkulu province.

Directions:
The Rafflesia arnoldii, the world's largest flower can be found in many areas in the jungles of Bengkulu province - Indonesia, normally in Taba Penanjung – Central Bengkulu District (45 km or 28 miles from the city of Bengkulu) and in Tebat Monok Kepahiang District, on the slopes of the Bukit Barisan Mountains, the most accessible being close to the main road halfway between Bengkulu city and the town of Curup. Rafflesia arnoldii may also be found in several other locations in Bengkulu province including:

• Pagar Gunung - Kepahiang District
• Talang Ulu, Suban hot spring, and Taba Rena - Rejang Lebong District
• and Lubuk Tapi, South Bengkulu District

Rare giant Rafflesia arnodii

Species information:
Full name: Rafflesia arnoldii R.Br.
Kingdom: Plantae
Division: Magnoliophyta
Class: Magnoliopsida
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Rafflesiaceae
Genus: Rafflesia

 Klik di sini untuk versi bahasa Indonesia 

Let’s help each other!
Let’s make this post available in various languages! Translating this post can help more readers in your language to understand this post. If you would like to translate this post into your language or if you need help to translate some of your posts into Indonesian, and or if you want to use photos from this blog please send me an email to kurt_reyhans@yahoo.com

Related posts:

• The Differences Between Rafflesia Arnoldii And Carrion Flower
• Bengkulu to establish biggest Rafflesia center in Asia

More Photos

You need luck to see the very rare Rafflesia 

The world's largest flower - Rafflesia arnoldii

An exotic jungle flower - Rafflesia arnoldii

After a few days of full bloom, this unique flower begins to rot

Without roots and leaves, the only visible parts are the flowers

Photographed in Taba Penanjung and Tebat Monok, Bengkulu Province
Photos by Peter Kimball, Jeff Clairmont, and Adriansyah Putera
Contact: kurt_reyhans@yahoo.com